Note: The data below are based on cases identified as “Asperger Syndrome” N=1,199 PARENT RATINGS OF BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF BIOMEDICAL INTERVENTIONS Autism Research Institute ● 4182 Adams Avenue ● San Diego, CA 92116
The parents of autistic children represent a vast and important reservoir of information on the benefits—and adverse effects— of the large variety of drugs and other interventions that have been tried with their children. Since 1967 the Autism Research Institute has been collecting parent ratings of the usefulness of the many interventions tried on their autistic children. The following data have been collected from 1,199 parents who have completed our questionnaires designed to collect such information. For the purposes of the present table, the parents responses on a six-point scale have been combined into three categories: “made worse” (ratings 1 and 2), “no effect” (ratings 3 and 4), and “made better” (ratings 5 and 6). The “Better:Worse” column gives the number of children who “Got Better” for each one who “Got Worse.”
Parent Ratings Parent Ratings Parent Ratings Got No Got Better: No. of Got No Got Better: No. of Got No Got Better: No. of WorseA Effect Better Worse CasesB DRUGS WorseA Effect Better Worse CasesB DRUGS WorseA Effect Better Worse CasesB 24% 38% 1.0:1 Desipramine 25% 50% 25% 1.0:1 12 Phenobarb.D Amphetamine 30% 28% 43% 1.4:1 DilantinD Behavior Anafranil 40% 38% 1.8:1 Behavior Seizures Antibiotics 45% 20% 0.6:1 Seizures Prolixin AntifungalsC Felbatol 1.4:1 157 Diflucan 35% 59% 9.7:1 Fenfluramine 0% 86% 14% Risperidal 2.7:1 161 Nystatin 38% 53% 6.8:1 1.0:1 374 35% 30% 0.9:1 Secretin Benadryl 50% 20% 0.7:1 Intravenous 6% 44% Beta Blocker 11% 54% 36% 3.3:1 KlonapinD Transderm. 0% 43% 54% 29% 1.6:1 Behavior Stelazine Seizures Steroids 55% 15% 0.5:1 TegretolD Clonidine 39% 39% 1.7:1 Behavior Clozapine 50% 21% 0.7:1 Mellaril Seizures Cogentin 50% 20% 0.7:1 MysolineD Thorazine 54% 14% 0.4:1 Behavior Tofranil Seizures DepakeneD Naltrexone ZarontinD Behavior 38% 35% 1.3:1 Behavior Seizures 61% 30% 3.5:1 Phenergan Seizures 0% 100% 0% BIOMEDICAL/ Parent Ratings BIOMEDICAL/ Parent Ratings NON-DRUG/ Got No Got Better: No. of NON-DRUG/ Got No Got Better: No. of SUPPLEMENTS WorseA Effect Better Worse CasesB SUPPLEMENTS WorseA Effect Better Worse CasesB CalciumE Vitamin A 61% 33% 6.2:1 Cod Liver Oil Vitamin B3 44% 50% 9.0:1 Cod Liver Oil with Vit. B6/Mag. 44% 51% 10:1 Bethanecol Vitamin B12 31% 61% 7.7:1 Colostrum Vitamin C 50% 48% 17:1 Detox. (Chelation)C 38% 58% 14:1 Digestive Enzymes SPECIAL DIETS Fatty Acids Candida Diet 40% 59% 37:1 Folic Acid Feingold Diet Food Allergy Trtmnt 3% 35% Gluten- /Casein- 28% 70% 35:1 Hyperbaric Oxygen Free Diet 53% 45% 32:1 Magnesium Chocolate Melatonin Removed Eggs 63% 34% 14:1 MT Promoter Removed Milk 45% 54% 33:1 Products/Dairy P5P (Vit. B6) Removed Sugar 50% 46% 9.8:1 Removed Wheat 45% 54% 56:1 Rotation Diet 40% 58% 35:1 St. Johns Wort Specific Carbo- 37% 59% 16:1 hydrate Diet Transfer Factor
A. “Worse” refers only to worse behavior. Drugs, but not nutrients, typically also cause physical problems if used long-term. B. No. of cases is cumulative over several decades, so does not reflect current usage levels (e.g., Haldol is now seldom used). C. Antifungal drugs and chelation are used selectively, where evidence indicates they are needed. D. Seizure drugs: top line behavior effects, bottom line effects on seizures. E. Calcium effects are not due to dairy-free diet; statistics are similar for milk drinkers and non-milk drinkers.
Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKOBRobesity reviews1467-78812004 The International Association for the Study of Obesity. 693111Review ArticleAdverse events of herbal food supplements M. H. Pit- obesity reviews Adverse events of herbal food supplements for body weight reduction: systematic review* Complementary Medicine, Peninsula Medical School, Universities of Exeter and Plymouth, Herbal
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