University Inventions that Changed the World
Not only did these university inventions change the world by saving countless lives from diseases like diabetes and tuberculosis, they also made people sneeze less and smile more . and had the side effect of millions of dollars of income going back to the universities to fund further research, build laboratories and buildings and support fellowships and other educational programs.
Fahlberg, a visiting research fellow from Germany, discovered and isolated
Remsen, his advisor, was against patenting academic discoveries.
solid-fuel rockets" was monumental advance.
prepared from pancreas samples was injected into patients.
Rickets, a crippling bone disease in children.
alkali soil, alleviating widespread damage
Fist practical electron microscope. Prebus and Hillier,
The Drunk-O-Meter was the first breath-testing instrument to
measure blood alcohol content and paved the way for the modern breathalyzer.
Britain in time to treat Allied soldiers on D-Day.
The pap smear originated in Papanicolaou's practice in
evaluated and brought into mainstream medicine at Cornell.
Technique of separating red blood cells and plasma, then
blood to be used in transfusions during WWII.
A broad-spectrum antibiotic resistant to penicillinase and
resistant bacterium. Abraham later deduced chemical structure and method of synthesis.
Coumarin isolated from rotting clover displayed anti-coagulant
coumarin derivative commonly used as rat poisin and in humans as an anti-coagulant.
CEA as a marker for digestive (i.e. colon) cancers was
Previously, Florida athletes were not properly hydrated.
Orange Bowl win in 1967 and improved record.
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) paved the way for flat panel
(laptop) displays and is used in digital watches.
US Patents 3,636,191 and 3,872,225; "Vaccine against viral Hepatitis" and "Process of
result of a collaboration with Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia.
"Tif" grasses are Bermuda Grass hybrids that cover more golf courses, athletic facilities and
grasses, while generating $1 billion annually for the Georgia economy.
US Patent 3,922,552 "Diagnostic X-Ray CAT Scan"
MRI provided more detailed images of the body's interior than X-Ray based methods such as the CAT Scan. The first human MRI scan was performed using "Indomitable," a prototype MRI scanner built from scratch
Patent 3,789,832 "Apparatus and method for detecting cancer in tissue," filed in 1972 and granted in 1974. This is the original fundamental patent for an MRI scanner and was upheld as such by the U.S. High Court of Patents in 1997.
Lauterbur is credited with the idea of creating 2-dimentional pictures by producing variations
holds 4 patents in this area. Lauterbur performed the first MRI of a living animal (a clam);
Mansfield showed it was possible to selectively image a 2-dimensional slice of an object
developed techniques to manipulate the applied magnetic fields as well as algorothims to interpret results.
An early chemotherapy drug for testicular and ovarian cancer.
developed Carboplatin, an equally effective analog with fewer side effects.
Recombinant DNA Univ, Univ. Stanley Cohen, 1974 million in royalties and jump-
US PP4,223 represents first man-made Kentucky Bluegrass hybrid. Kentucky Bluegrass is perennial ground cover that withstands regular mowing and
cool-weather locations throughout the U.S. This was a major advance for Rutgers University's New Jersey Turfgrass Association.
since regular use of vaccine was implemented
Drug of choice in emergency rooms and emergency vehicles
tachycardia--dangerously high heart rate.
Originally licensed by international tech transfer company and re-licensed to four
which produces BeneFix, widely-used recombinant Factor IX for treatment of hemophilia.
Allegra (fexofenadine) is the non-toxic active metabolite of
histamine which could cause fatal heart failure.
Relatively non-toxic chemotherapy drug was
trees; cost and environmental concerns led to Holton's development of synthetic Taxol.
An eye drop that treats certain kinds of Glaucoma; an
administration of Diamox, which had unpleasant side effects.
Combining Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computerized Tomography (CT) provided the first medical image containing both anatomical (CT) and metabolic (PET) data from patient, allowing for long sought-after precision in locating small tumors and/or lesions. Nutt and Townsend originially came up
working together there. Nutt and Townsend continued the project at the University of Pittsburgh, developing a working prototype in 1998; FDA approval came in 2000. Technology is protected by US Patents 6,490,470 "Combined PET and X-Ray tomograph and method for using the same" and 6,631,284 "Combined PET and X-Ray tomograph."
The above table of university inventions and inventors was compiled from internal research findings and from third party contributions. It is not meant to be exhaustive, but rather an exemplary list of important university inventions. We are aware that there may be conflicting stories with respect to the origin of certain inventions. We simply reported what we have found; perhaps additional investigation will lead to changes in the list. The U.Va. Patent Foundation does not warrant that the above information is reliable or fit for any particular purpose.
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